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Slide 9 & 10 of 52

A central issue in any illustration algorithm is the level of abstraction.

Scott McCloud gives a great definition of level of abstraction.

Abstraction is not just simplifying an image or eliminating detail, but focusing on specific details.

In this image, he is stripping down a photograph, amplifying the meaning of the image in a way which realistic art can't.

Technical illustrations occupy the middle ground of abstraction, where important 3D properties of objects are accented while extraneous details are diminished or eliminated. This would be roughly equivalent to the middle face.